Tracking Police Suicides 2008, 2009

 

Ours is the first scientifically conducted, case-by-case verifiable effort to track police suicides in the United States and, at the same time, provide accurate profile information on the cases.    

Our 2008 study was based on actual suicide cases gathered through a web-based year long surveillance of news reports on police suicide.  Approximately 119,000 suicide-related news articles were scanned during the year for information relating to police suicides in the United States. 

 

The results were revealing.  We found, following necessary adjustments for variables, there were 141 police suicides in the US during 2008 and 143 in 2009.  This result is in keeping with other current research, CDC and NOMS data, and other information available in the field today.  Further, in comparing our data with blind sources and information gathered by non-media sources, we found solid confirmation of our findings.

To test our figures, we even made a comparison with a group we thought would be much higher: The US Army.  Discussions have suggested that police work, over many years, has its comparisons to the shorter tours of duty (albeit more frequent, today) by the military in a war zone. 

Suicide Rates for 2008:

General public          11/100,000

  Police:                     17/100,000  

Marines                    19/100,000

Army                        20/100,000

If suicides were 450 per year, as some insist ("it just hasta be"), the rate for police officers would be a staggering  53/100,000. 

141 officers represents over twice the number of officers being killed by felons. 

Yet not a single suicide in 2008 was attributed to police work.  While police departments announce that law enforcement is a "highly stressful, truamatic job," they prefer to place the blame on the family or on the officer for having some kind of "personal problem."

We even monitored accidental deaths to see if there are a significant number of "mysterious solo vehicle accidents," etc, that would inflate our final figure beyond the 37% error factor we included.  We found no such evidence--while noting one on-duty solo accident with definite questionable circumstances, we reviewed on and off-duty auto and motorcycle accidents as well as sky diving, home accidents, an officer shooting himself fatally in the leg, an officer falling off a golf cart, and others.  Nothing suggested enough of these incidents to make a difference beyond our expected 17 percent of "misreported suicides"--certainly not hundreds, as is often rumored.

The issue of life insurance was considered irrelevant.  Most life insurance policies are limited only by a two-year suicide clause.

CDC and WHO data reveal the suicide rate for the national population to be 11/100,000.  Based on the NSOPS study of police suicides occurring in 2008, the rate for police officers is 17/100,000.  What is remarkable is the fact that police officers are expected to enter police work as a healthy population after screening, testing and training, and should be LOWER than a general population that includes criminals, the elderly, the mentally ill and other high-risk groups.

We need to know "Why? more than we need to know "How many?"  Numbers tells us nothing that can save lives.  Knowing the causes  is the only way we can build our programs to save police lives and better the health of the living.

 

 

How often can trauma and PTSD lead to police suicide?  "NEVER!" say police chiefs

(related: Canada's WSIB is the first to recognize a police suicide as "in the line of duty.")

 

 

"LINE OF DUTY SUICIDES."  

We have found that determining a reliable number of police suicides each year (130 - 150) is achievable.  The greatest challenge remains "WHY?"  Not a single suicide in 2008 was attributed to the stresses and traumas of the job--even though officers and administrators are unanimous in saying it's a stressful and traumatic job.
 
  Michael Pigott's last words.  Not "line of duty?"

Departments seem willing to report the cause only when it places blame on the family, on some personal weakness of the officer, or on criminal activity.  Otherwise, the standard is "family problems," personal problems, "We don't know why he/she did it," or "no comment," leaving open the question--how many are job related?

When the officer is arrested for shoplifiting before he commits suicide, the press is told about the shoplifting.  They are not told about the 20 years of carnage, horror and death that the officer endured.  "He was an officer "gone bad."  They are not told about how many critical incidents he endured or the soul wounding of years of cumulative trauma. 

We urge you to read John Violanti's recent article about our "forgotten" officers on the memorial wall. 

Because of the unwillingness of departments to acknowledge that police suicides could actually be the result of the job, we have stepped forward to begin a new category, called "Line of Duty Police Suicides (LODS)."  This is the first first step in recognizing the true cause of these tragedies, the depth of the wounds these officers suffered, and hopefully open the door to caring properly for the surviving families of these officers who fell to horrific soul wounds from their work.

We believe that if rebuttable presumptions can be so handily made for heart attacks and strokes, it should be no giant leap of faith to presume that a sizeable number of our suicides are due to the job.   If, however, a department disagrees, they are welcome to present the evidence to support statements that it was "personal," "family problems," or a "good officer gone bad."

A preliminary review of 2008 police suicides by Badge of Life suggests a minimum of 33 percent are work related.  Departments insist that none are work related.

No one wants to talk about this.  It is not a popular issue.

Most truths are not.

  

"It is not how these officers died that made them heroes, it is how they lived."

...or so we like to say.

This is inscribed at the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Foundation (NLEOMF) Wall.  Wouldn't it be nice if we truly believed that?   

Cops generously hand the title of "hero" to those who die for countless reasons--as long as it's not a trauma-related suicide.  How he or she lived is of no interest when it comes to suicide--think about it.  The officer may have been the greatest hero on the face of the earth and the ultimate tribute to law enforcement--but if he suffered PTSD as a result, regardless of the police suicide variables, became deeply depressed and overcome by the horrors of the incidents and took his own life, we call him a "coward" and deny him a place on the wall.

On the other hand, an officer could be the greatest slacker in uniform and be run over in the doughnut shop parking lot and we laud him with the title of "Hero," provide him a motorcade and tributes by the governor and every police officer within 500 miles, and inscribe his name on the Memorial Wall.

A classic example of a "line of duty suicide" is that of a Massachussetts State Trooper (read "Paul McCarthy"), who suffered multiple, unspeakable on-duty injuries and post-traumatic stress disorder.  His suicide went ignored, his heroism forgotten, his dedication and kindness shunned aside--one of law enforcement's many "forgotten heroes."

Another example of this is a California Highway Patrol suicide in April, 2009. Officer of the Year, recipient of the Medal of Valor for Heroism and other awards, Aaron Gilliland died of a self-inflicted gunshot wound in 2009. In 2002, he had arrived at the scene of an overturned, burning vehicle.  He was able to carry the elderly driver to safety, but returned to find the passenger trapped.  In extricating the woman, the growing flames around him burned his uniform and hair.  Finally freeing her, he fell and broke his back.  Within seconds of the rescue, the entire vehicle burst into flames. He was remembered as an excellent officer--an obvious fact.   

     
      Officer Aaron Gilliland
  • In 2008, this hero had written, "We see a lot of horrible things on a day to day basis from death which happens a lot where I work from infants to adults, people under the influence of many things and the horrible things people do to each other. We are out on the streets and highways where just by making a stop can end your life. I knew some Officers get killed by just being being on the right shoulder of the highway and get ran over by a dui driver or just careless one. Nobody cares for us until they need us. We are human just like everbody else."  
  • Will his name go on the Memorial Wall?  No.     

These are only two examples of what has gone on for years. It's a national police suicide problem. Police agencies have shunned their officers who have given their "all" in the line of duty and died of the "soul wounds" that are just as fatal as the heart attacks and strokes that are so readily accepted as "line of duty."  Instead of a Memorial Wall, these heroes, their spouses and their children are shunned instead of honored by their departments as they so richly deserve. 

No, no one wants to talk about this.  It is not a popular issue.

Most truths are not.

Tragically, two-thirds of these officers' symtoms escaped detection during 2008.  Signs and symptoms were noticed by departments in others but they died anyway.  We believe that, if departments will fill in the "other half of the formula" (by adding the ESC educational component alongside the suicide prevention programs), we can finally begin to see a reduction in police suicides. We hope departments will say it is worth the prevention of these deaths, the relief of the misery among their officers on the streets, the widows being cast out in disgrace.  We hope.

 

 

We do not provide therapy, nor are we a "hot line" for those in crisis.  We are an educational, research and consulting/advisory service on programs. If you are in crisis, call the National Hot Line at 1-800-273-8255.

 

 

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